肺部健康

How Dangerous is Smoking Really?

作者：Jennifer O. Chan博士
专业: 胸外科

If there was one thing that you could do to immediately 和 significantly improve your health, it would be to quit smoking. 随着 leading preventable cause of death 在美国.S., smoking – particularly smoking cigarettes – accounts for more than 480,000 deaths per year.

From your brain to your heart, there’s not a single organ that smoking 不会影响. It’s a leading risk factor for 心脏病和中风. It’s responsible for most cases of 肺癌并能促成癌症的生长在你身体的其他部位. Smoking is also associated with pregnancy complications including preterm birth, low birth weight, birth defects, 和 an increased 小岛屿发展中国家风险. Additionally, there is a link between smoking 和 fertility issues affecting both females 和 males—including DNA changes in egg/sperm 和 decreases in quality of sperm—all thought to be due 香烟中的毒素. And, obviously, smoking seriously affects your lungs 和 the lungs of those around you.

吸烟与肺部健康

Whether you’re inhaling directly or secondh和, cigarette smoke is 由…组成超过7000种化学物质, at least 69 of which are known carcinogens. 随着时间的推移，这些毒素会造成损害 lung alveoli, tiny air sacs that are responsible for oxygen entering the bloodstream 和 carbon dioxide exiting the body, leading to less efficient 肺功能.

It can cause or exacerbate a variety of lung diseases, including Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disorder (COPD), 肺癌和 asthma.

那电子烟呢？?

A recent article published by the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) notes the recent outbreak of lung injury associated with the use of e-cigarettes 或者电子烟产品. 美国疾控中心.S. Food 和 Drug Administration (FDA), state 和 local health departments, 和 other health partners are investigating a multistate outbreak of lung injury associated with use of e-cigarette, 或者电子烟，产品. (www.疾病预防控制中心.政府) E-cigarettes 和 other vaping products may contain nicotine or THC, a 大麻的副产品.

戒烟的好处

While the ultimate benefit of quitting cigarette smoking is living a longer, healthier life (the life expectancy for a smoker is at least 10 years less than that of a non-smoker), there are some benefits you’ll 马上就注意到.

戒烟后20分钟内, your heart rate 和 blood pressure drop.
12小时后, the amount of carbon monoxide in your blood drops to normal levels.
2周到3个月, your circulation 和肺功能 noticeably improve.
从1到9个月， your lungs start to regain normal function, reducing coughing 和 shortness 上气不接下气.
辞职一年后， your risk of coronary heart disease is cut in half; your risk of heart attack decreases significantly, as well.
在2-5年内, your 中风 risk is now the same as a non-smoker.
5年后， your mouth, throat 和 bladder cancer risks are reduced by half; your cervical cancer risk is now that of a non-smoker.
辞职十年后， your risk of dying from 肺癌 is half that of a smoker; your risk of other cancers decreases significantly, too.
And 15 years after quitting smoking, your risk of coronary artery disease is the same as that of a non-smoker.

提供帮助

Habits are hard to break, 和 smoking is no exception. 尼古丁，一种化学物质 compound that’s found in tobacco products, is highly addictive. The physical 和 psychological dependence it causes is what makes quitting 那么辛苦. Depressed mood, anxiety, irritability, insomnia 和 difficulty concentrating are common withdrawal symptoms that often lead to relapse 在使用. But, over time, symptoms normalize 和 staying smoke-free gets easier.

If you need help quitting smoking, there are some great local 资源可用,包括:

加州吸烟者帮助热线 (1 - 800 -没有屁股)

This telephone counseling program offers up to seven free one-on-one sessions 帮助你从今天开始戒烟.

国家癌症研究所 (1 - 800 - 4 -癌症)

Not only will this resource answer your questions about cancer risks associated with smoking, it offers free publications 和 referrals to smoking cessation 资源.

无烟

A partnership between the Centers for Disease Control, the American Cancer Society 和 the Tobacco Control Research branch of the National Cancer Institute, this site offers online guides 和资源 for quitting smoking.

停止吸烟

This comprehensive online program was developed by the American Lung Association to help smokers quit anytime, anywhere.

健康工作

A comprehensive listing of Alameda County health 和 wellness 资源, including those that can help support your quest to quit.

2019年11月发布