是TIA还是缺血性中风?

作者：Jack C. 玫瑰,医学博士

专业: 神经学

Every 40 seconds, someone somewhere in the United States 会中风 – and 80-85 percent of those will be ischemic stroke.

缺血性中风(发音 ih-SKEE-mick) is caused by an artery blockage or narrowing that impairs blood flow going to a part, often one side, of the brain. 这就引出了脑细胞 injury and causes sudden limb or face的弱点, loss of sensation, balance, 视觉或说话/理解的能力. 中风的症状很容易被记住用助记符BE-FAST (B平衡损失, EYe -视力丧失； Face的弱点, A四肢无力； Speech /语言障碍, T -时间，立即拨打911). 如果不及时治疗，就会中风会导致永久残疾或死亡吗.

然而，也有 factors that predict an increased risk of stroke – one of which is a history of transient ischemic attack (TIA), 也被称为中风警告. 像缺血性中风一样，tia是由 by an interruption of blood flow to a portion of the brain caused by a narrowing of the vessels or a small blood clot. 与缺血性中风不同， the effects of TIA can be milder and generally last no more than minutes 到一个小时.

Here are some more ways to tell the difference between a TIA and 缺血性中风:

	短暂性脑缺血发作	缺血性中风
症状	Numbness or weakness in your face or limbs, usually on one side of the body. 口齿不清或说话困难. 视力模糊或重影. 突然、剧烈的头痛.	Weakness or paralysis in your face or limbs, usually on one side of the body. 口齿不清或说话困难; confusion. 变黑，模糊或重视. Dizziness, loss of coordination or difficulty walking. 突然、剧烈的头痛.
症状持续时间	不到一个小时.	Permanent; get progressively worse until treatment is received.
治疗	立即就医. 症状 go away on their own, but it’s important to find and treat 根本原因.	立即就医. 治疗或干预措施可能包括：静脉注射血管内手术颈部手术
影响	Not fatal, but put you at increased risk for stroke.	Temporary or permanent disability; death. 增加未来中风的风险.

Without any permanent effects, it may be tempting to shrug off a transient ischemic attack, but to do so may put your life at risk. 一项发表在 美国家庭医生 journal found that 5-10 percent of patients presenting with TIA will have 一周内就会发生缺血性中风. 这就是为什么它如此重要 that you seek immediate medical attention if you think you’ve had 短暂性脑缺血发作. 一旦入院，医生会确认 transient ischemic attack diagnosis, assess your immediate stroke risk 确定TIA的原因.

If the TIA was caused by a severe narrowing in the carotid artery (the largest front artery in your neck), the doctor may recommend a carotid endarterectomy to surgically remove plaque buildup, or an angioplasty 支架手术. The former is the open surgical removal of the plaque that’s restricting blood flow, while the latter involves inflating a tiny balloon delivered within a small catheter inserted in the groin to widen the narrowed point of the diseased neck artery followed by placement of a cylindrical stent to keep the artery segment open.

After discharge for transient ischemic attack, even after receiving treatment, 你患中风的风险还是会增加. 你的医生可能会 prescribe one or more blood thinners to prevent clotting, and cholesterol lowering medication to prevent inflammatory and cholesterol-associated 血管壁疾病. 另外，还需要一些 lifestyle modifications, such as quitting smoking, reducing heavy alcohol consumption, getting more exercise and maintaining a healthy body weight, as well as optimal management of existing conditions like high blood pressure and diabetes, to significantly reduce your overall stroke risk.

每个月，行程计划 at Washington 医院 treats approximately 40 patients who have had various types of cerebrovascular events – an estimated 80% 这些都是可以预防的. Knowing the signs of transient ischemic attack and/or stroke, (BE-FAST) can help save your life, the life of a loved 一个，或者你身边人的生命.

2019年5月发布

关于Jack C. 玫瑰,医学博士
Dr. Rose is an expert in neurointensive care and cerebrovascular disease and was among the first 100 physicians in the world to become Board Certified 神经危重症护理. He is also Board Certified in 神经学 as well as Vascular 神经学 by the American Board of Psychiatry & 神经学. Dr. Rose’s experience and leadership augments Washington 医院’s comprehensive stroke and neurosurgical programs, especially in cerebrovascular neurosurgery and interventional neuroradiology. 他为病人提供治疗 at Washington 医院 with the continuity of care that is critical when treating the full range of cerebrovascular conditions.

Dr. Rose obtained his undergraduate degree at Stanford and his medical degree at Columbia University’s College of Physicians and Surgeons. He did his medical internship at Columbia University and his neurology residency at the Neurological Institute of New York/New York Presbyterian 医院. Dr. Rose completed his fellowship in stroke and neurocritical care at the University of California, San Francisco.

指导他的护理哲学. Rose的临床实践重点 on the rapid and accurate identification of patient’s acute brain injuries and state-of-the-art medical and neurosurgical treatments. He is dedicated to educating his patients, family members and other health care providers about the specific disease, neurological deficits and complications that are being faced by his patients and their recommended treatments. Dr. 罗斯认为，博彩app教育 & 研究，诚实的临床 discussions and becoming familiar with the patient and their family & friends are equally as rewarding as being able to help restore a patient’s injured brain to its most optimal state possible.